1 Linga Purana
This is the Fifth Purana. Preaching
about the greatness of Lord Shiva and propagation of Ling-puja (worship of
Shiva-Ling) are the main objectives of this Purana. This Purana has five parts:
1)
Description of the creation. Origin of
Ling and its worship. Yagya by Daksha. Immolation of Madan (Kamadev). Wedding
of Lord Shiva. Tale of Varaha. Tale of Narasimha. Description of Surya and Soma
vansh.
2)
Greatness of Lord Vishnu, Lord Brahma
becomes the creator,Incarnations Of Shiva During Various Dwapar Yugas ,Dadhichi
Subjugates The Sages and Shilad's Impossible Demand.
3)
Manifestation Of Lord Nandishwar
,Kaliyuga ,The Seven Island ,The Meru Mountain,The Prominent Mountains ,Lord
Brahma Assigns Lordships To The Deities and The Radiance Of Surya.
4)
Dhruva - The Supreme Devotee ,The
Origin Of Deities,The Lineage Of Aaditya,Yadu Dynasty, Appointment Of Andhak As
The Lord Of Ganas,The Liberation Of Earth ,Killing Of Jalandhar and The Origin
Of Lord Ganesh.
5)
Story Of Upamanyu, Greatness Of
Dwadakshar Mantra ,Greatness Of Shadakshar Mantra, The Majestic Lord
Maheshwar,The Sun Manifestation Of Shiva's Power, Importance Of Guru
,Installation Of Shiva Linga ,Vajreshwari Vidya And Different Types Of Yoga is
covered in Fifth Part.
As per the Purana, a fiery Shivaling
appeared after the Pralaya. From this Shivaling, emerged all the Vedas and
other scriptures, even Brahma, Vishnu and all other deities. Current prevalence
of worship of Shivaling and idols seems to be an outcome of this Purana.
1.1 Linga Purana Part 1
This section contains 14 sub-sections
(to follow):
1.1.1 Sutji Narrates the Divine Tales of Linga Purana
Once, sage, Narad arrived at
Naimisharanya where he found many sages engaged in austerities. All the sages
were delighted to see him. They eulogized him in reverence and offered him
seat. Sage Narad narrated some amazing tales describing about the greatness of
Linga Puran. This made the sages even more curious about Linga Puran. Right
then, Sutji also arrived there and the sages requested him to narrate the tales
of Linga Puran.
After making salutations to lord Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh and Sage Krishna Dwaipayan, Sutji said--- Sound is the medium through which the almighty Brahma manifests himself. Brahma manifests himself in the sacrosanct OMKAR mantra. Rigveda is his mouth, Samaveda his tongue, Yajurveda his neck and Atharvaveda is his heart. He is the Supreme Being and is beyond the reach of creation or deluge. He is one but manifests himself as three distinct deities---Brahma, Vishnu and Rudra. These three deities are the expression of the three natural qualities respectively-Rajas, Satva and Tamas. He manifests himself as Mahesh in his formless (Nirguna) identity. He manifests himself in all the living creatures as well as imperceptible things in the form of seven natural elements-Mahattatva (5 basic elements) Ahankara (ego), Shabda (Sound) Sparsh (touch), Roop (appearance), Rasa (taste) and Gandha (smell).
Lord Brahma compiled the divine tales of Linga Puran. It covers wide range of subjects like the beginning of creation, the origin of universe, description of the time, tales of different Kalpas, the greatness of Linga and its worship, tales related with Lord Shiva, characteristics of Shiva temple etc. It specially elaborates upon the greatness of Shiva linga and its worship.
FIRST CANTO PRATHAM SARG
After making salutations to lord Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh and Sage Krishna Dwaipayan, Sutji said--- Sound is the medium through which the almighty Brahma manifests himself. Brahma manifests himself in the sacrosanct OMKAR mantra. Rigveda is his mouth, Samaveda his tongue, Yajurveda his neck and Atharvaveda is his heart. He is the Supreme Being and is beyond the reach of creation or deluge. He is one but manifests himself as three distinct deities---Brahma, Vishnu and Rudra. These three deities are the expression of the three natural qualities respectively-Rajas, Satva and Tamas. He manifests himself as Mahesh in his formless (Nirguna) identity. He manifests himself in all the living creatures as well as imperceptible things in the form of seven natural elements-Mahattatva (5 basic elements) Ahankara (ego), Shabda (Sound) Sparsh (touch), Roop (appearance), Rasa (taste) and Gandha (smell).
Lord Brahma compiled the divine tales of Linga Puran. It covers wide range of subjects like the beginning of creation, the origin of universe, description of the time, tales of different Kalpas, the greatness of Linga and its worship, tales related with Lord Shiva, characteristics of Shiva temple etc. It specially elaborates upon the greatness of Shiva linga and its worship.
FIRST CANTO PRATHAM SARG
Shiva is both invisible as well
as the root cause of all the delusions of the world. This is why Shiva is also
known as Alinga (unknowable). Linga is nothing but the non-manifested (Auyakta)
form of Shiva. This implies that the visible world is the medium through which
Shiva manifests himself. Nature (Prakriti) in itself is devoid of qualities
like smell, taste, touch etc. But, all these qualities become apparent in it
only because of Shiva, who is imperishable and whose characteristics are the
natural qualities like taste, smell, touch and sound.
The whole world along with the gross and subtle has originated from Alinga Shiva. The whole world comes into being with the help of eleven components-10 sense organs and mind. It is pervaded by the delusions of 'Alinga Shiva'. The three prominent deities---Brahma Vishnu and Mahesh are the manifestations of Shiva. He is the creator in the form of Brahma, the nurturer in the form of Vishnu and the annihilator in the form of Mahesh.
Nature is pervaded by the delusion of Shiva, which is also known as Ajaa (unborn). The three basic colour -red, white and black are the symbolic expressions of the three qualities Raja, Sat and Tamo respectively. Majorities of people fall prey to the delusions of this world and get entangled in its illusionary appearances, but there are few that understand the futility of this illusionary world.
The whole world along with the gross and subtle has originated from Alinga Shiva. The whole world comes into being with the help of eleven components-10 sense organs and mind. It is pervaded by the delusions of 'Alinga Shiva'. The three prominent deities---Brahma Vishnu and Mahesh are the manifestations of Shiva. He is the creator in the form of Brahma, the nurturer in the form of Vishnu and the annihilator in the form of Mahesh.
Nature is pervaded by the delusion of Shiva, which is also known as Ajaa (unborn). The three basic colour -red, white and black are the symbolic expressions of the three qualities Raja, Sat and Tamo respectively. Majorities of people fall prey to the delusions of this world and get entangled in its illusionary appearances, but there are few that understand the futility of this illusionary world.
With the desire of beginning
creation, the supreme Almighty manifest himself in the imperceptible which
results into the creation of the Mahattatva (five basic elements). From
Mahattatva manifests the ego or 'ahankara which comprises of three gunas. From
Ego manifests the Tanmantras or subtle forms of matter-sound, form, taste smell
and touch. Among these subtle forms of matter, Sound came into being first of
all and space originated from it. The second tanmantra, touch originated from
the space. Air manifested from touch or sparsh. The third tanmantra, form or
roopa originated from air or Yayu. Fire or Agni manifested from roopa. The
fourth tanmantra, taste or rasa manifested from Agni.
Similarly, water or Jal manifested from Rasa, smell or Gandha from Jal and Earth manifested from Gandha respectively.
All the five organs of action (Karmendriya) sense organs and mind originated from pure Ego (Satva ahankara). In course of time all these elements got transformed into a mammoth egg (Anda), inside which Lord Brahma manifested himself. The whole universe is said to be established inside the above mentioned egg.
Similarly, water or Jal manifested from Rasa, smell or Gandha from Jal and Earth manifested from Gandha respectively.
All the five organs of action (Karmendriya) sense organs and mind originated from pure Ego (Satva ahankara). In course of time all these elements got transformed into a mammoth egg (Anda), inside which Lord Brahma manifested himself. The whole universe is said to be established inside the above mentioned egg.
The egg is covered by seven layers and Lord Brahma dwells inside it, seated on a lotus flower. The mammoth egg contains crores of universes inside its fold.
1.1.2 The Beginning of Creation
The whole creation lasts for the total
period equivalent to Brahma's day. The almighty God created during daytime and
annihilated during night. One day of Lord Brahma is equivalent to one Kalpa of
this world. The cycle of four Yugas occur periodically for 1000 times, during
which period altogether fourteen Manus take incarnation, one after another.
Satyuga consists of 4000 years.
Fifteen Nimesha make one Kashtha (unit of time measurement) Thirty Kalas make a Muhurta, fifteen Muhurta a day and night each.The dark lunar phase is said to be the day, while bright lunar phase is said to be the night of the manes. One year of this world consists of 360 days.The deities' day lasts for the full period, when the sun is positioned towards the north of equator. Similarly, the deities' night lasts for the total period when the sun is positioned towards the south of equator. One year of the deities is equivalent to thirty years of this world. Similarly three months of the deities are equivalent to one hundred months of this world.
Each of the four Yugas is measured on the basis of divine years. Satya Yuga is equivalent to 40,000 divine years, while Treta Yuga is equivalent to 80,000 divine years. Dwarpar Yuga is equivalent to 20,000 years of the deities, while Kali Yuga is equivalent to 60,000 years of the deities. The period of each Yuga given here is exclusive of the periods of Sandhya (evening) and Sandhyansh (part of evening.)
Fifteen Nimesha make one Kashtha (unit of time measurement) Thirty Kalas make a Muhurta, fifteen Muhurta a day and night each.The dark lunar phase is said to be the day, while bright lunar phase is said to be the night of the manes. One year of this world consists of 360 days.The deities' day lasts for the full period, when the sun is positioned towards the north of equator. Similarly, the deities' night lasts for the total period when the sun is positioned towards the south of equator. One year of the deities is equivalent to thirty years of this world. Similarly three months of the deities are equivalent to one hundred months of this world.
Each of the four Yugas is measured on the basis of divine years. Satya Yuga is equivalent to 40,000 divine years, while Treta Yuga is equivalent to 80,000 divine years. Dwarpar Yuga is equivalent to 20,000 years of the deities, while Kali Yuga is equivalent to 60,000 years of the deities. The period of each Yuga given here is exclusive of the periods of Sandhya (evening) and Sandhyansh (part of evening.)
1.1.3 The Origin of Creation
In the initial phase of his creation, Lord Brahma created immovable natural things like trees, mountains etc-then birds and animals. In the process of creation, he created various things and human being was his seventh creation.First of all Lord Brahma created his Manasputras-Sanak, Sanandan etc, who had no worldly desires. He then created the nine supreme sages---Marichi, Bhrigu, Angiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, Daksha, Atri and Vashishth by the help of his yogic powers. After that, it was the turn of the twelve Prajapatis-Ribhu, Sanatkumar, Sanatan etc. All of them were divine, extremely virtuous and had realized the supreme - self, Brahma.Shatarupa had begotten four children from Swayambhuva Manu-Priyavrata, Uttanpad, Aakuti and Prasuti.
Aakuti was married to a Prajapati named
Ruchi, while Prasuti married Daksha. Aakuti gave birth to two children-Dakshina
and Yagya. Dakshina had twelve sons.Prasuti-the youngest daughter of Shatarupa
had begotten twenty four daughters from Yaksha-Shraddha, Lakshmi, Dhriti,
Tushti, Pushti, Megha, Kriya, Buddhi, Lajja, Vapu, Siddhi, Keerti, Khyati,
Sambhuti, Smriti, Preeti, Kshama, Sannati, Anusuya, Urja, Swaha, Sura Arani and
Swadha. Thirteen of them were married to Dharma-a Prajapati. Khyati was married
to sage Bhrigu while Arani married sage Bhargava. Similarly various sages like
Marichi, Angira, Pulastya, Pulaha, Ritu, Atri and Vashishth got married with
Sambhuti, Smriti, Preeti, Kshama, Sannati Anusuya and Urjaa respectively. Swaha
was married to Vibhavasu while Swadha married the Pitrishwaras.
Dharma had begotten all together 15 sons from his thirteen wives-Kaam, Darp, Niyam, Santosh, Alobha, Shrut, Dand, Samay, Body, Mahadyuti, Apramadd, Vinay, Vyavasay, Kshem, Sukh and Yash. Khyati-wife of sage Bhrigu gave birth to Shri who later became the consort of lord Vishnu. She also had two sons named Dhata and Vidhata.
Prabhuti-wife of sage Marichi gave birth to two sons-Puranama and Maarich. She also had four daughters-Tushti, Drishti, Krishi and Apachi.Kshama-wife of Sage Pulaha had many offspring among whom Kardam & Sahishnu were prominent. Preeti, wife of Sage Pulastya had two sons named Dattarnavr and Dahvahu. She also had a daughter named Dwashdwati. Kratu's wife-Sannati had six thousand offspring who became famous as Baalkhilyas.
Dharma had begotten all together 15 sons from his thirteen wives-Kaam, Darp, Niyam, Santosh, Alobha, Shrut, Dand, Samay, Body, Mahadyuti, Apramadd, Vinay, Vyavasay, Kshem, Sukh and Yash. Khyati-wife of sage Bhrigu gave birth to Shri who later became the consort of lord Vishnu. She also had two sons named Dhata and Vidhata.
Prabhuti-wife of sage Marichi gave birth to two sons-Puranama and Maarich. She also had four daughters-Tushti, Drishti, Krishi and Apachi.Kshama-wife of Sage Pulaha had many offspring among whom Kardam & Sahishnu were prominent. Preeti, wife of Sage Pulastya had two sons named Dattarnavr and Dahvahu. She also had a daughter named Dwashdwati. Kratu's wife-Sannati had six thousand offspring who became famous as Baalkhilyas.
Smriti-Wife of Sage Angiras had given
birth to five daughters--- Sini, Vali, Kuhu, Raka and Anumati. Anusuya, wife of
Sage Atri had six children-five sons and one daughter. The names of the sons
were - Satyanetra, Bhavyamuni, Murtiray, Shanaishchar and Somatha.Urjaa, wife
of sage Vashishth gave birth to seven sons-Jyayji, Pundarikaaksh, Raj, Suhotra,
Bahu, Nishpaap, Shravan, Tapasvi and Shukra. Agni's consort Swaha gave birth to
three sons-Pavamaan, Paavak and Shuchi.
1.1.4 Lord Shiva – The Supreme Liberator
Sati- daughter of Daksha had married
lord Shiva much against the wish of her father. Once, Daksha organized a grand
yagya in which he did not invite his son-in-law. Sati went to attend the yagya
ceremony inspite of Shiva's forbiddance. After seeing her, Daksha calumniated
Lord Shiva and made fun of him. This infuriated her to such an extent that she
gave up her life by jumping into the sacrificial fire. She was born as Parvati
in her next birth and once again got Shiva as her husband.
Once, Lord Brahma requested Shiva to create a world, which was free from death. Lord Shiva refused apprehending its disastrous consequences. Lord Brahma was left with no other option than to commence creation on his own. Meanwhile, Shiva became immovable just like the trunk of a tree (sthanu). Lord Shiva, who is capable of attaining any form. He showers benediction on mankind. He is engrossed in the supreme state of Yoga with effortless case. Nobody can attain liberation without his grace. He is the bestower of religiousness (Dharma), knowledge (Gyan), asceticism (Vairagya) and splendour (Aishwarya). Sinners who do not take refuge in Shiva have to experiences the unbearable tortures of countless hells.
Once, Lord Brahma requested Shiva to create a world, which was free from death. Lord Shiva refused apprehending its disastrous consequences. Lord Brahma was left with no other option than to commence creation on his own. Meanwhile, Shiva became immovable just like the trunk of a tree (sthanu). Lord Shiva, who is capable of attaining any form. He showers benediction on mankind. He is engrossed in the supreme state of Yoga with effortless case. Nobody can attain liberation without his grace. He is the bestower of religiousness (Dharma), knowledge (Gyan), asceticism (Vairagya) and splendour (Aishwarya). Sinners who do not take refuge in Shiva have to experiences the unbearable tortures of countless hells.
1.1.5 Incarnations of Manu & Vyas
On being asked about the incarnation of Sage Vyas during various eras and Manvantars, Sutji replied-O Brahmin! Now I am going to mention the names of all the incarnations of Vyas who existed during Vaivasvat manvantar of Varah kalp. The names are as follows-Ritu, Satya, Bhargava, Angira, Savita, Mrityu, Shatakratu, Vashishth, Saraswat, Tridhatma, Trivrit, Swayam, Dharm, Narayan, Tarakshu, Aaruni, Kritanjay, Trina, Bindu, Ruksha, Muni, Shakti, Parashar, Jatukarnya and Sri Krishna Dwaipayan.The names of Manu's belonging to different manvantars of Varah kalp are-Swayambhu, Swarochi's, Uttam, Tamas, Raivat, Chakchhus, Vaivaswat, Savarni, Dharmasavarni, Vishang, Avishang, Shabal and Varnak. All of these Manu's were named according to their appearances and complexions. For example vaivaswat Manu was of dark complexion.
1.1.6 The Essence of Yoga
Yoga means union with God. The state of yoga is impossible to attain without the blessings of Lord Shiva. It needs a concentrated and focussed mind. There are some specific spots in the human body concentrating upon which, enables a man to attain the state of yoga-spot between the eyebrows, lower part of the throat, Navel and six inches above it etc.
The state of yoga can never be attained
until and unless a person has fully controlled the tendencies of sense organs.
It can be achieved with the help of eight means-Yama (Penance), Niyam
(discipline), Aasan (Posture), Pranayam (Breath-control), Pratyahar (restraint
of passion), Dharan (retention), Dhyan (concentration) and Samadhi (deep
meditation). Each of them holds an important position in the path of yoga.
Describing about the methods of performing yoga, Sutji says--- A person should sit with his legs crossed in Padmasan and try to concentrate his mind by fixing his gaze between his eyebrows. He should keep his spine erect. He should meditate either on the form of Omkar or on the form of lord Shiva. Breath control is an important aspect of yogic exercise. A man should exhale deeply for 32 times and then breathe in deeply. He should then retain his breath as long as possible and visualize lord Shiva within his body. By constant practice he will achieve mastery over this art and a time will come when he will experience divine bliss. This divine bliss can not be experienced unless one has attained a deep state of meditation (Samadhi).
Describing about the methods of performing yoga, Sutji says--- A person should sit with his legs crossed in Padmasan and try to concentrate his mind by fixing his gaze between his eyebrows. He should keep his spine erect. He should meditate either on the form of Omkar or on the form of lord Shiva. Breath control is an important aspect of yogic exercise. A man should exhale deeply for 32 times and then breathe in deeply. He should then retain his breath as long as possible and visualize lord Shiva within his body. By constant practice he will achieve mastery over this art and a time will come when he will experience divine bliss. This divine bliss can not be experienced unless one has attained a deep state of meditation (Samadhi).
1.1.7 Obstacles in the Path of Yoga
A man experiences numerous obstacles in
the path of Yoga-laziness, restlessness confusion, a diseased body etc. The
main reason for being lazy is a bulky physique and one's inability to
concentrate his mind. Lack of concentration results in restlessness, which is a
major obstacle in the path of yoga. If a person in unsure about the results he
becomes confused. It is impossible for a person suffering from any disease to
concentrate his mind.
All the above mentioned hurdles can be
overcome by firm resolution. A man who has successfully overcome all these
obstacles might experience other obstacles in the form of siddhis (divine
powers). There is a real danger of getting lured by these divine powers. As a
result his mind may get distracted from his original goal and he may deviate
from his path. The names of these siddhis or divine powers are-Pratibha (having
knowledge of past present & future incident), Shravan (being capable of
listening to abnormal sounds), Varta (whatever is said becomes true), Darshana
(capable of seeing things which can mot be seen by the mortal eyes), Aaswada
(being capable of experiencing divine (tastes), Vedana (being capable of
relieving other's pain by a mere touch). If a person successfully overcomes all
these allurements then he becomes a siddha- or man of accomplishment and divine
powers.
1.1.8 Bali – The Realization of Shiva
Lord Shiva showers his blessing on one
and all without any discrimination, but virtuous people have special privilege
in the sense that it is easier for them to realize Lord Shiva.Once, Parvati
asked Lord Shiva as to how a devotee could realize him. Lord Shiva recalled an
incident when Lord Brahma had asked the same question. Lord Shiva had told lord
Brahma-"Anybody can realize me by having deep devotion towards me. A
devotee can meditate upon me in the form of Linga with total devotion. It is
only by deep devotion that a man can achieve true knowledge as well as salvation."
1.1.9 Venerableness of Sadyojaat
The sages asked Sutji as to how was
lord Brahma able to have a divine glimpse of Sadyojaat. Sutji replied-During
the Kalpa named Shwetalohit, once lord Brahma witnessed the manifestation of a
divine child who was of mixed (red & white) complexion. The child had a
Shikha (topknot) on his head. Considering him to be an embodiment of almighty
God, Lord Brahma eulogized that child. Suddenly four children appeared and
formed a protective ring around Sadyojaat. The names of these children
were-Sunand, Nandan, Vishwanand, and Upanand. All of them were of fair
complexion and very handsome.Anybody who is desirous of attaining to Rudraloka
must take refuge in Sadyojaat.
1.1.10 Lord Vaamdev
Once, during thirtieth kalpa named
Rakta, Lord Brahma was meditating on Parameshthi Shiva. Suddenly a divine child
appeared before him who was of red complexion and who had put on red apparels.
He was none other than Lord Vaamdev. Lord Brahma immediately realized the
divinity of that child and was convinced that he was the embodiment of Almighty
God.
Lord Brahma eulogized Vaamdev who was pleased by his devotions. Four divine entities-Virija, Vivahu, Vishoka and Vishwabhavana manifested from the body of Vaamdev. All of them had great resemblance to Lord Vaamdev. Vaamdev preached them on the finer points of religiousness so that mankind could be benefited by this knowledge.
Lord Brahma eulogized Vaamdev who was pleased by his devotions. Four divine entities-Virija, Vivahu, Vishoka and Vishwabhavana manifested from the body of Vaamdev. All of them had great resemblance to Lord Vaamdev. Vaamdev preached them on the finer points of religiousness so that mankind could be benefited by this knowledge.
1.1.11 Lord Tatpurush
The thirty-first kalpa was known as
Peet Kalpa. The term 'Peet' means yellow and this Kalpa was named Peet because
Lord Brahma had put on yellow apparels during this Kalpa. Once, while he was
meditating on the form of Lord Shiva, a divine child manifested before him. The
child had a halo of light all around him and had put on yellow coloured
clothes. Even his turban, sacred-thread and garland were yellow in colour. His
arms were abnormally long.
Lord Brahma immediately realized that the child was none other than Lord Maheshwar himself. Suddenly a divine cow appeared from the mouth of Maheshwar, who had four faces and possessed all the thirty-two qualities. The divine cow was none other than Goddess Gayatri herself.Lord Brahma eulogized her and Maheshwar was very pleased by his deep devotion. Maheshwar also blessed him with divine knowledge and unrevealed the secret of yoga to him. Right then, many divine children appeared from the body of lord Maheshwar. Each of them had put on yellow apparels and had great resemblance to lord Maheshwar. They were extremely virtuous and served the mankind by giving sermons. After having completed their mission of spreading the message of virtuosity to the mankind, all of them got united with Lord Maheshwar ultimately.
A person, who is desirous of getting liberated from all his sin, must seek the blessings of Lord Maheshwar who is also known as Tatpurush.
Lord Brahma immediately realized that the child was none other than Lord Maheshwar himself. Suddenly a divine cow appeared from the mouth of Maheshwar, who had four faces and possessed all the thirty-two qualities. The divine cow was none other than Goddess Gayatri herself.Lord Brahma eulogized her and Maheshwar was very pleased by his deep devotion. Maheshwar also blessed him with divine knowledge and unrevealed the secret of yoga to him. Right then, many divine children appeared from the body of lord Maheshwar. Each of them had put on yellow apparels and had great resemblance to lord Maheshwar. They were extremely virtuous and served the mankind by giving sermons. After having completed their mission of spreading the message of virtuosity to the mankind, all of them got united with Lord Maheshwar ultimately.
A person, who is desirous of getting liberated from all his sin, must seek the blessings of Lord Maheshwar who is also known as Tatpurush.
1.1.12 Lord Aghoresh
Peet kalpa was followed by Pradhritta
kalpa. Black was the predominant colour of this kalpa. Initially, the whole
earth was submerged in the water and Lord Brahma desirous of commencing his
creations wished for a son. As a result, a divine child manifested whose
complexion was dark. Not only that he had put on black apparels and a black
crown on his head. A black sacred thread was hanging across his shoulder.
Lord Brahma immediately recognized Aghoresh and eulogized him. Lord Aghoresh became pleased by his devotion and blessed him. Just like the preceding Kalpas, four divine children manifested from lord Aghoresh's body. All of them had great resemblance with Aghoresh in every respect. In course of time, they did tremendous penance and preached the virtue of religiousness to the mankind. A person who worships Lord Aghoresh and has deep devotion in him becomes liberated from gravest of sins like Brahmhatya (sin acquired due to killing a Brahmin) etc.
Lord Brahma immediately recognized Aghoresh and eulogized him. Lord Aghoresh became pleased by his devotion and blessed him. Just like the preceding Kalpas, four divine children manifested from lord Aghoresh's body. All of them had great resemblance with Aghoresh in every respect. In course of time, they did tremendous penance and preached the virtue of religiousness to the mankind. A person who worships Lord Aghoresh and has deep devotion in him becomes liberated from gravest of sins like Brahmhatya (sin acquired due to killing a Brahmin) etc.
1.1.13 Lord Ishaan
In the beginning of Vishwaroopa kalpa,
lord Brahma, desirous of commencing creation was engrossed in deep meditation.
This resulted into the manifestation of a divine cow, which puzzled lord Brahma
very much. Actually, this divine cow was none other then Vishwaroopa Saraswati,
but lord Brahma failed to recognize her. Lord Brahma decided to take the help
of Lord Ishaan and started meditating on him.
When Lord Ishaan appeared before him,
he was requested by Lord Brahma to shed light on the identity of that divine
cow. Lord Ishaan replied by saying-"The present kalpa is called
Vishwaroopa kalpa. It has originated from the left side of my body and is the
thirty-third kalpa. This divine cow has also originated from me. She is goddess
Gauri-the source of all creation. After saying like this, Lord Ishaan created
four divine entities from the body of the cow-Jati, Mundi, Shikhandi and
Ardhamund. All of them were very luminous and virtuous. After preaching the
world for thousands of divine year. They got reunited with lord Rudra.
1.1.14 The Origin of Shiva Linga
The sages asked Sutji--- Lord Shiva is
formless then how come Shiva Linga is worshipped? What is the significance of
Shiva Linga? What is the proper method of worshipping a Shiva Linga ?
Sutji replied--- Once, Lord Brahma and Lord Vishnu developed serious different on the matter of superiority. A tremendous duel broke out between them. As they were fighting a mammoth Linga appeared on the scence, the effulgence of which made efforts both of them amazed.Both of them decided to find out the origin of that divine Linga. Lord Brahma transformed his appearance into that of a swan and flew up in the sky to determine the height of that Linga. Lord Vishnu transformed himself into a roar and entered the depth of earth to find the source of that Shiva Linga. But both of them failed in their objectives and returned to the same place exhausted.
Sutji replied--- Once, Lord Brahma and Lord Vishnu developed serious different on the matter of superiority. A tremendous duel broke out between them. As they were fighting a mammoth Linga appeared on the scence, the effulgence of which made efforts both of them amazed.Both of them decided to find out the origin of that divine Linga. Lord Brahma transformed his appearance into that of a swan and flew up in the sky to determine the height of that Linga. Lord Vishnu transformed himself into a roar and entered the depth of earth to find the source of that Shiva Linga. But both of them failed in their objectives and returned to the same place exhausted.
Suddenly, they heard a loud sound of
AUM emanating from the Shiva Linga. Very soon, the whole form of OM, consisting of all the three letters A, U and M became
visible. (The letters A, U and M symbolize Lord Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh
respectively).
At last, both of them realized their mistake and stopped quarrelling. This way, Lord Shiva was successful in subduing their arrogance.Lord Rudra is beyond sensual perception. He is the supreme Almighty and the bestowers of divine bliss. The mystical form of Shivalinga is a symbolical expression of sacred mantra-AUM. The letter A symbolizes Beeja (Seed), M the creator himself and U is the symbolical expression of Yoni (Vagina).
Lord Rudra is beyond sensual perception. He is the supreme Almighty and the bestowers of divine bliss. The mystical form of Shivalinga is a symbolical expression of sacred mantra-AUM. The letter A symbolizes Beeja (Seed), M the creator himself and U is the symbolical expression of Yoni (Vagina).
At last, both of them realized their mistake and stopped quarrelling. This way, Lord Shiva was successful in subduing their arrogance.Lord Rudra is beyond sensual perception. He is the supreme Almighty and the bestowers of divine bliss. The mystical form of Shivalinga is a symbolical expression of sacred mantra-AUM. The letter A symbolizes Beeja (Seed), M the creator himself and U is the symbolical expression of Yoni (Vagina).
Lord Rudra is beyond sensual perception. He is the supreme Almighty and the bestowers of divine bliss. The mystical form of Shivalinga is a symbolical expression of sacred mantra-AUM. The letter A symbolizes Beeja (Seed), M the creator himself and U is the symbolical expression of Yoni (Vagina).
1.2 Linga Purana Part 2
This section contains 13 sub-sections
(to follow):
1.2.1 Lord Shiva Blesses Brahma and Vishnu
At the time, when this incident of
mystical Shiva linga had occurred and after which Lord Brahmaand Vishnu had
stopped quarelling, Lord Shiva appeared before them and said---
"I am very pleased with both of you, Both of -
" O Vishnu! You are the creator, Lord Shiva. This made Lord Shiva extremely pleased and he the preserver as well as the destroyer of this world. I am the supreme you, though having distinct identities have actually manifested from my body-Brahma from my left side and Vishnu from my right." almighty and distinct from all three of you-Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh.Lord Vishnu expressed his undiluted devotion towards Lord Shiva. This made Lord Shiva extremely pleased and he said.
"O Vishnu! You are the creator, the preserver as well as the destroyer of this world. I am the supreme almighty and distinct from all three of you-Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh."
Linga is the personification of the Almighty God. The term Linga means fusion and the Shivalinga are said to be the symbolical expression of all the deities.
"I am very pleased with both of you, Both of -
" O Vishnu! You are the creator, Lord Shiva. This made Lord Shiva extremely pleased and he the preserver as well as the destroyer of this world. I am the supreme you, though having distinct identities have actually manifested from my body-Brahma from my left side and Vishnu from my right." almighty and distinct from all three of you-Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh.Lord Vishnu expressed his undiluted devotion towards Lord Shiva. This made Lord Shiva extremely pleased and he said.
"O Vishnu! You are the creator, the preserver as well as the destroyer of this world. I am the supreme almighty and distinct from all three of you-Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh."
Linga is the personification of the Almighty God. The term Linga means fusion and the Shivalinga are said to be the symbolical expression of all the deities.
1.2.2 The Manifestation of Lord Brahma
The Sages requested Sutji to elucidate
how Lord Brahma emerged from the navel of Vishnu seated on a lotus flower.
Sutji replied--- At the time of deluge Lord Vishnu went in his yoganidra lying on the back of Sheshnag. As the result of his divine play, a huge lotus flower along with a long tubular stalk emerged from his navel. Lord Brahma was seated on the Lotus flower.When Lord Brahma saw Lord Vishnu, he asked-"Who are you sleeping in this ocean?'' Lord Vishnu also asked the same question as to whom was he and from where had he manifested. Very soon, a quarrel ensures between them.Desirous of knowing the identity of the stranger, Lord Vishnu entered Brahma's abdomen through his mouth. He was amazed to find the existence of whole universe inside Brahma's abdomen. He remained there for thousands of year but could not find the end. Being exhausted, he came out and told Lord Brahma that even his abdomen had the same unlimited expanse.
Lord Brahma decided to check the authenticity of Vishnu's statement and entered into his abdomen through the mouth. Lord Brahma wandered inside the abdomen for thousands of year but could not find the end. Mean while, Lord Vishnu has shut each and every opening of his body which made it impossible for Lord Brahma to come out. Ultimately he was successful in coming out through the tubular stalk of the lotus.As Lord Brahma was not amused by Vishnu's behaviour, he started fighting with him. Right at that moment, Lord Mahadev arrived there. His moments created high tide and strong mind, which vigorously shook the lotus flower.
Lord Vishnu immediately realized that these signs forebode the arrival of Mahadev. He revealed this fact to Brahma and about Manadev's greatness. But Lord Brahma was not impressed. Lord Vishnu then said ---
Sutji replied--- At the time of deluge Lord Vishnu went in his yoganidra lying on the back of Sheshnag. As the result of his divine play, a huge lotus flower along with a long tubular stalk emerged from his navel. Lord Brahma was seated on the Lotus flower.When Lord Brahma saw Lord Vishnu, he asked-"Who are you sleeping in this ocean?'' Lord Vishnu also asked the same question as to whom was he and from where had he manifested. Very soon, a quarrel ensures between them.Desirous of knowing the identity of the stranger, Lord Vishnu entered Brahma's abdomen through his mouth. He was amazed to find the existence of whole universe inside Brahma's abdomen. He remained there for thousands of year but could not find the end. Being exhausted, he came out and told Lord Brahma that even his abdomen had the same unlimited expanse.
Lord Brahma decided to check the authenticity of Vishnu's statement and entered into his abdomen through the mouth. Lord Brahma wandered inside the abdomen for thousands of year but could not find the end. Mean while, Lord Vishnu has shut each and every opening of his body which made it impossible for Lord Brahma to come out. Ultimately he was successful in coming out through the tubular stalk of the lotus.As Lord Brahma was not amused by Vishnu's behaviour, he started fighting with him. Right at that moment, Lord Mahadev arrived there. His moments created high tide and strong mind, which vigorously shook the lotus flower.
Lord Vishnu immediately realized that these signs forebode the arrival of Mahadev. He revealed this fact to Brahma and about Manadev's greatness. But Lord Brahma was not impressed. Lord Vishnu then said ---
"Shiva is the almighty God. He is
the one, whom, enlightened people are always in search for. He manifests
himself in the form of an egg on account of the union of his formless and with
form appearances. In course of time the egg gets divided into two halves, from
which are created the different Lokas (world). The egg is the very place from
where originates the whole creation. Even you (Brahma) own your existence to
that egg. Your arrogance might invite the wrath of Shiva. So, come let both of
us eulogize and praise the holy name of Mahadev.
1.2.3 Lord Brahma Becomes the Creator
At last, Lord Vishnu was successful in
convincing Brahma of Shiva's supreme status. Both of them eulogized and sang
hymns in the praise of Lord Shiva.Lord Shiva became very pleased by their
devotion. He requested Lord Vishnu wanted nothing else but undiluted devotion
in him. Lord Shiva agreed and said "So be it".
Lord Shiva then blessed Brahma and made him the creator. Lord Brahma did a tremendous penance, which continued for a very long period. The severe penance strained his eyes as a result of which tears started rolling down his cheeks. Poisonous snakes manifested from those teardrops. Lord Brahma became disillusioned by his maiden creation and gave up his life. Eleven Rudras emerged from his body and started wailing. They then brought Lord Brahma back to life.After becoming alive, Lord Brahma eulogized Vishveshwar and goddess Gayatri. He was amazed to see the existence of whole universe inside the body of Lord Vishveshwar all the kalpas including the different incarnations of lord Shiva about origin of these kalpas and various incarnations like sadya, etc.
Lord Shiva then blessed Brahma and made him the creator. Lord Brahma did a tremendous penance, which continued for a very long period. The severe penance strained his eyes as a result of which tears started rolling down his cheeks. Poisonous snakes manifested from those teardrops. Lord Brahma became disillusioned by his maiden creation and gave up his life. Eleven Rudras emerged from his body and started wailing. They then brought Lord Brahma back to life.After becoming alive, Lord Brahma eulogized Vishveshwar and goddess Gayatri. He was amazed to see the existence of whole universe inside the body of Lord Vishveshwar all the kalpas including the different incarnations of lord Shiva about origin of these kalpas and various incarnations like sadya, etc.
1.2.4 Description of Different Kalpas
Lord Shiva revealed to Brahma that the
Shwet-kalpa derived its name from his complexion. "I took incarnation
attired in white apparels. My complexion was fair. You being self-begotten were
able to recognize me. Goddess Gayatri had also manifested from my body and
later on became famous as 'Shwet-Lohit-Brahm'."
"The next kalpa was known as Lohit kalpa because of my red complexion, Goddess Gayatri had also incarnated in the form of divine cow. I became famous as Vaamdev during this kalpa."
Lord Shiva then went on to describe about the rest of the kalpas which had been named after his complexion. He also gave in-depth description of various subjects like, the different worlds, the vedas the four major castes etc.
"The next kalpa was known as Lohit kalpa because of my red complexion, Goddess Gayatri had also incarnated in the form of divine cow. I became famous as Vaamdev during this kalpa."
Lord Shiva then went on to describe about the rest of the kalpas which had been named after his complexion. He also gave in-depth description of various subjects like, the different worlds, the vedas the four major castes etc.
1.2.5 Incarnations of Shiva During Various Dvapar Yugas
On being enquired by Lord Brahma about
his various incarnations, Lord Shiva said ---
"I shall incarnate as Shwet-Mahamuni during 1st Dwapar yuga of Vaivaswat manvantar. My abode shell is at Chhogal peak of Himalaya mountain. I shall have four disciples who will be proficient in the Vedas."
"I will incarnate as Sutar during second dwapar. At that time, Saddyojaat Prajapati will be holding he post of Vyas.I will have four sons-Dundubhi, Shataroopa, Richika and Keluma."
"During third dwapar and at the time when Sage Bhargav will be acting as a Vyas, I will take incarnation as Daman. I will have four sons-Vikrosh, Vikesh, Vipash and Paapnashak."
"During fourth dwapar and at the time when Sage Angira will be acting as a Vyas, I will take incarnation as Suhotra. I will have four sons-Sumukh, Durmukh, Durdhar and Duratikram."
"I will take incarnation as Kank during fifth dwapar and at the time when Sage Savita will be fulfilling the obligations of Vyas; I will have four sons-Sanak, Sanandan, Sanatan and Sanatkumar."
"During Sixth dwapar, I will take incarnation as Laugakshi. At that time Sage Mrityu will be holding the post of Vyas. My sons will be Sudhama, Viraja, Shankh and Padraj."
"I shall incarnate as Shwet-Mahamuni during 1st Dwapar yuga of Vaivaswat manvantar. My abode shell is at Chhogal peak of Himalaya mountain. I shall have four disciples who will be proficient in the Vedas."
"I will incarnate as Sutar during second dwapar. At that time, Saddyojaat Prajapati will be holding he post of Vyas.I will have four sons-Dundubhi, Shataroopa, Richika and Keluma."
"During third dwapar and at the time when Sage Bhargav will be acting as a Vyas, I will take incarnation as Daman. I will have four sons-Vikrosh, Vikesh, Vipash and Paapnashak."
"During fourth dwapar and at the time when Sage Angira will be acting as a Vyas, I will take incarnation as Suhotra. I will have four sons-Sumukh, Durmukh, Durdhar and Duratikram."
"I will take incarnation as Kank during fifth dwapar and at the time when Sage Savita will be fulfilling the obligations of Vyas; I will have four sons-Sanak, Sanandan, Sanatan and Sanatkumar."
"During Sixth dwapar, I will take incarnation as Laugakshi. At that time Sage Mrityu will be holding the post of Vyas. My sons will be Sudhama, Viraja, Shankh and Padraj."
"Sage Shataritu will act as Vyas
during Seventh dwapar. I will have four sons-Saraswat, Megh, Meghvah and
Suvahan."
"Sage Vashishth will be the vyas during eighth dwapar. I will take incarnation as Dadhivahan. My sons will be-Kapil, Aasuri, Panch, Shikhomuni and Vashkal."
"Sage Saraswat will act as Vyas during nineth dwapar. I will take incarnation as Rishabh. I will have four sons-Parashar, Garg, Bhargav and Aangiras."
"The tenth dwapar will see Tripad fulfilling the duties of Vyas. I will incarnate as Bhavita Muni. I will have four sons-Bala, Bandhu, Niramitra and Ketu."
"Sage Trivat will be the Vyas during eleventh dwapar. I will take incarnation as Ugra. My sons will be-Lambodar, Lambaksha & Lambakesh."
"Sage Shatateja will perform the duties of Vyas during twelfth dwapar. I will have four sons-Sarvagya, Sambuddhi, Saadhya and Sarva."
"Dharma will be the Vyas during thirteenth dwapar. I will take incarnation as Bali and live at the hermitage of the Baalkhilya. I will have four sons-Sudhama, Kashyap, Vashishth and Viraja."
"Sage Vashishth will be the vyas during eighth dwapar. I will take incarnation as Dadhivahan. My sons will be-Kapil, Aasuri, Panch, Shikhomuni and Vashkal."
"Sage Saraswat will act as Vyas during nineth dwapar. I will take incarnation as Rishabh. I will have four sons-Parashar, Garg, Bhargav and Aangiras."
"The tenth dwapar will see Tripad fulfilling the duties of Vyas. I will incarnate as Bhavita Muni. I will have four sons-Bala, Bandhu, Niramitra and Ketu."
"Sage Trivat will be the Vyas during eleventh dwapar. I will take incarnation as Ugra. My sons will be-Lambodar, Lambaksha & Lambakesh."
"Sage Shatateja will perform the duties of Vyas during twelfth dwapar. I will have four sons-Sarvagya, Sambuddhi, Saadhya and Sarva."
"Dharma will be the Vyas during thirteenth dwapar. I will take incarnation as Bali and live at the hermitage of the Baalkhilya. I will have four sons-Sudhama, Kashyap, Vashishth and Viraja."
This way, Lord Shiva elaborated upon
his various incarnations till the period of twenty-eight dwapar, which went as
follows.
|
DWAPAR
|
VYAS
|
SHIVA
|
SHIVA'S SONS
|
|
14th
|
Tarakshu
|
Gautam
|
Atri, Devarudra, Shravan & Shrivishthak
|
|
15th
|
Traiyyaruni
|
Vedshira
|
Kuni, Kunibahu, Kusharir &
Kunetrak
|
|
16th
|
Deva
|
Gokarn
|
Kashyao, Shukracharya, Chyavn &
Vrihaspati
|
|
17th
|
Kritanjay
|
Guhavasi
|
Utathya, Vamadev, Mahayoga &
Mahabal
|
|
18th
|
Ritanjay
|
Shikhani
|
Vachashrava,Richik,Shyavashva &
Yateeshwar
|
|
19th
|
Bhardwaj
|
Jatamali
|
Hiranyabh, Kaushal, Laungakshi &
Kuthumi
|
|
20th
|
Gautam
|
Attahaas
|
Sumantu, Varvari, Kavandh & Kushi
Kandhar
|
|
21st
|
Vachashrava
|
Daruko
|
Rampkshoda, Bhayani, Ketuman &
Gautam.
|
|
22nd
|
Shushmayan
|
Langli Bheem
|
Dharmik, Mahayotri, Bhallavi,
Madhupinga,Shwetu, Ketu & Kush
|
|
23rd
|
Trinabindu
|
Kalanjar
|
Ushik, Vrihadashva, Deval &
Kavirevach
|
|
24th
|
Riksha
|
Shooli
|
Shalihotra, Agnivesh, Unashva &
Sharadvasu.
|
|
25th
|
Shakti
|
Dandi-Mundishvar
|
Chhagal, Kundak, Kumbhand &
Prawahaj
|
|
26th
|
Parashar
|
Sahishnu
|
Ulook, Viddyut, Shambuk &
Aashwalayan.
|
|
27th
|
Jatuk Karnya
|
Somsharma
|
Akshapad, Kumar, Ulook & Vatsa.
|
|
28th
|
Dwaipayan
|
Lakuli
|
Kushik, Garg, Mitra & Kaurushya
|
1.2.6 Rituals of Shiva-Linga Worship (Purity)
Once, Goddess
Parvati asked Lord Shiva about the proper methods of worshipping Shiva-linga.
While Shiva was elucidating upon the rituals, Nandi who was present there too
got enlightened on this sacred topic. In course of time, this knowledge was
passed on to Sanat Kumar, who in turn revealed it to Sage Vyas. Sutji came to
know about it from Shailadi.Lord Shiva had described the following three
methods, by the help of which a devotee should become pure before commencing
his worship.
- Varun Snan (Taking bath in open)
- Bhashma Snan (Smearing ashes on the body)
- Mantra Snan (Chanting of mantra)
Lord Shiva had stressed upon the
importance of taking bath in a river or a pond. According to him a man's mind,
which is like a lotus, could never blossom unless it received the radiance of
the sun. Describing about the methods of taking Bhasmsnan, he said-After
washing his hands and feet, a devotee should smear any of the following things
on his body to make it pure-mud, cowdung ashes etc. While smearing mud on his
body, he should chant the mantra -Uddhatashivarahen. After becoming pure
according to the methods mentioned above, he should then worship Lord Varun.
Having done, this, he should take a dip in the river after purifying the water
by chanting the sacred 'Adhamarshan' mantra. He should then worship all the
deities by sprinkling water from the Shankh (Conch) and amidst the chanting of
mantras like 'Rudren Pavamanen' etc. He should then concentrate upon the form
of a Shivalinga. He should drink some water holding some Kusha grass in his
right hand simultaneously.
A devotee should commence his worship
only after becoming pure. In the beginning he should perform Pranayam for three
times so that his lungs are filled up with fresh air. After this, he should
concentrate his mind on the form of Lord Trayambak in all his glory. He should
purify all the articles required for the worship by performing ablution and by
chanting OM NAMAH SHIVAY. He should also make offerings of flowers, rice
grains, barley etc. to the deity. Worship of Lord Shiva is believed to be
incomplete without the worship of his family-Nandi, Kartikeya, Vinayak and
Goddess Parvati. So, the devotee must not forget to worship them.
1.2.7 Lord Shiva Tests the Patience of Sages
Once upon a time, the sages were busy
doing their penance to please Lord Mahadev. Lord Shiva decided to test patience
and visited daruk forest in naked position. By the virtue of his divine power,
he was successful in corrupting the conduct of the sage's wives. Those women
became so infatuated by his divine appearance that they lost control omen
themselves. They were desirous of satiating their lust but Shiva maintained
silence and did not oblige them.
When the sages saw the womenfolk in such a pitiable condition, they started abusing Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva did not respond and disappeared from the scene. Now, the sages became very frightened. All of them went to Lord Brahma and narrated the whole incident. Lord Brahma reprimanded them by saying that how unfortunate they had been in not recognizing Lord Shiva- the Almighty. Lord Brahma said-"You have committed a grace sir by showing disrespect to your guest. Your conduct was unlike Sudarshan-a Brahmin who by his hospitality was able to win the lord of death."
Lord Brahma narrated the following tale to them ---
"Once there lived a kind hearted Brahmin named Sudarshan. He was very hospitable and considered his guests, as Lord Shiva himself. He had given strict instructions to his wife that under no circumstance should a guest return unsatisfied from his home."
When the sages saw the womenfolk in such a pitiable condition, they started abusing Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva did not respond and disappeared from the scene. Now, the sages became very frightened. All of them went to Lord Brahma and narrated the whole incident. Lord Brahma reprimanded them by saying that how unfortunate they had been in not recognizing Lord Shiva- the Almighty. Lord Brahma said-"You have committed a grace sir by showing disrespect to your guest. Your conduct was unlike Sudarshan-a Brahmin who by his hospitality was able to win the lord of death."
Lord Brahma narrated the following tale to them ---
"Once there lived a kind hearted Brahmin named Sudarshan. He was very hospitable and considered his guests, as Lord Shiva himself. He had given strict instructions to his wife that under no circumstance should a guest return unsatisfied from his home."
"Dharmaraj wanted to test
Sudarshan firmness in his belief. One day he arrived at Sudarshan's hermitage
disguised as a Brahmin. At that time he was not present in his hermitage.
Dharmaraj refused to accept anything in donation except Sudarshan's wife
herself.
"Sudarshan's wife offered herself without any hesitation. When he returned, not finding her wife started calling her name. At that time he heard a voice saying that his wife was satisfying the lust of a guest. Sudarshan remained unperturbed and requested his guest to carry on till he is satisfied."
"Dharmaraj became pleased. He appeared before Sudarshan and gave blessings. He appreciated his hospitable nature by saying that by the virtue of his undiluted hospitality he had even vanquished him (Dharmaraj)."
The sages were very ashamed of their conduct and returned Lord Brahma to explain as to how they could have devotion in Lord Shiva. Lord Brahma elucidated on the virtue of devotion and narrated the tale of sage Shwet who had subjugated even death by his devotion.
"Sudarshan's wife offered herself without any hesitation. When he returned, not finding her wife started calling her name. At that time he heard a voice saying that his wife was satisfying the lust of a guest. Sudarshan remained unperturbed and requested his guest to carry on till he is satisfied."
"Dharmaraj became pleased. He appeared before Sudarshan and gave blessings. He appreciated his hospitable nature by saying that by the virtue of his undiluted hospitality he had even vanquished him (Dharmaraj)."
The sages were very ashamed of their conduct and returned Lord Brahma to explain as to how they could have devotion in Lord Shiva. Lord Brahma elucidated on the virtue of devotion and narrated the tale of sage Shwet who had subjugated even death by his devotion.
1.2.8 Sage Shweta
The sages were very curious to know
about sage Shwet. Lord Brahma narrated the following tale ---
"Once, there lived a sage named Shwet. He was a great devotee of Lord Shiva. He lived in a cave and engaged himself in severe penance, continuously chanting the holy name of Shiva. When the time of his death approached, 'Kaal arrived there to take his life. Sage Shwet started eulogizing Lord Shiva. He challenged 'Kaal' that being a devotee of Shiva he was beyond the reach of death. But, Kaal made fun of him and told him that nobody could escape death. Sage Shwet had unshakable faith in Lord Shiva. Pointing towards the Shiva Linga, he told Kaal that he would remain unharmed because of Lord Shiva who was present in that Shivalinga.
Suddenly, Kaal tied him with his noose and said---See, Now you are absolutely under my control and even your deity seems to be helpless. To protect his devotee, Lord Shiva arrived on the scene accomplished by Goddess Amba, Ganapati and Nandi. 'Kaal' got scared to such an extent that he fainted and died."
The sages curiously asked Lord Brahma about the means with which Shiva could be pleased. Lord Brahma told them that only deep devotion and nothing else could please Lord Shiva.
"Once, there lived a sage named Shwet. He was a great devotee of Lord Shiva. He lived in a cave and engaged himself in severe penance, continuously chanting the holy name of Shiva. When the time of his death approached, 'Kaal arrived there to take his life. Sage Shwet started eulogizing Lord Shiva. He challenged 'Kaal' that being a devotee of Shiva he was beyond the reach of death. But, Kaal made fun of him and told him that nobody could escape death. Sage Shwet had unshakable faith in Lord Shiva. Pointing towards the Shiva Linga, he told Kaal that he would remain unharmed because of Lord Shiva who was present in that Shivalinga.
Suddenly, Kaal tied him with his noose and said---See, Now you are absolutely under my control and even your deity seems to be helpless. To protect his devotee, Lord Shiva arrived on the scene accomplished by Goddess Amba, Ganapati and Nandi. 'Kaal' got scared to such an extent that he fainted and died."
The sages curiously asked Lord Brahma about the means with which Shiva could be pleased. Lord Brahma told them that only deep devotion and nothing else could please Lord Shiva.
1.2.9 Sage Eulogizes Lord Shiva
Having realized their mistake, the
sages returned to Daruk forest and engaged themselves in austere penance to
please Shiva. They did a tremendous penance, which lasted for a year.
Ultimately their wished were fulfilled as Lord Shiva appeared with ashes
smeared all over his body. He had a begging-bowl in his hands and exhibited
strange mannerism. But this time the sages did not fail in recognizing him.
They begged for his forgiveness and sought his blessings.
Lord Shiva became pleased and blessed them divine sight, which made them enable to see his form of Trayambak. The illumines appearance of Lord Trayambak cast a spellbound over them. They eulogized Lord Shiva by singing praise in his name. This way, their deep devotion in Lord Shiva had exploited them from their sin.
Lord Shiva became pleased and blessed them divine sight, which made them enable to see his form of Trayambak. The illumines appearance of Lord Trayambak cast a spellbound over them. They eulogized Lord Shiva by singing praise in his name. This way, their deep devotion in Lord Shiva had exploited them from their sin.
1.2.10 Lord Shiva Preaches the Sages
Lord Shiva revealed to the sages that a
female sex organ was nothing but a symbolic expression of goddess Parvati where
as a male sex organ symbolized his own self. He also cautioned them against
making fun of hermit's appearance. He said-"These hermits who appear
absured by their looks are my great devotees. They don't care about their
physical appearance because I predominantly occupy their thoughts. Anybody
making fun of these 'naked' hermits, whose bodies are smeared with ashes is in
fact making fun of me."
Lord Shiva then went on to describe the purity of ash and said--- Ash is extremely pure, as it is the residual element of matter, which is left after burning. It is sacred and indestructible. This is why, I smear it on my body. A person who smears ash on his body becomes liberated from all his sins. It is the destroyer of sin. It is the symbolic expression of my 'Veerya' (Semen).
This way, Lord Shiva enlightened them on various spiritual topics.
Lord Shiva then went on to describe the purity of ash and said--- Ash is extremely pure, as it is the residual element of matter, which is left after burning. It is sacred and indestructible. This is why, I smear it on my body. A person who smears ash on his body becomes liberated from all his sins. It is the destroyer of sin. It is the symbolic expression of my 'Veerya' (Semen).
This way, Lord Shiva enlightened them on various spiritual topics.
1.2.11 Dadhichi Subjugates the Sages (Kshoopa)
There ruled a king named Kshoopa whose
friend was Sage Dadhichi. Once they got into argument over the superiority of
their respective castes. King Kshoopa was of the opinion that a Kshetriya was
superior to Brahmin. Very soon, the dispute took an ugly turn and a duel broke
out between them.
Dadhich punched Kshoopa on his head. Kshoopa retaliated by attacking Dadhichi with his weapon named Vajra. The assault proved to be for Dadhichi and he fell down, Before his death he prayed to his guru-Shukracharya and sought his help. Realizing that his disciple was in danger, Shukracharya rushed to the spot, but Dadhichi had already died before he could arrive there.
Shukracharya knew the secret learning-Mritasanjivani Vidya. He brought back Dadhichi alive and advised him to please Lord Shiva to attain invincibility. He also taught Dadhichi the proper methods of worshipping Shiva. Dadhichi did an austere penance and pleased Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva appeared and blessed him with invincibility and also made his bones as hard as Indra's thunderbolt (Vajra).
Dadhichi then went to fight Kshoopa. He kicked Kshoopa on his chest. Kshoopa retaliated by attacking Dadhichi with his Vajra. But this time Dadhichi remained unharmed. Kshoopa was surprised to see his assault going in vain. He decided to take the help of Lord Vishnu and engaged himself in austere penance.
Dadhich punched Kshoopa on his head. Kshoopa retaliated by attacking Dadhichi with his weapon named Vajra. The assault proved to be for Dadhichi and he fell down, Before his death he prayed to his guru-Shukracharya and sought his help. Realizing that his disciple was in danger, Shukracharya rushed to the spot, but Dadhichi had already died before he could arrive there.
Shukracharya knew the secret learning-Mritasanjivani Vidya. He brought back Dadhichi alive and advised him to please Lord Shiva to attain invincibility. He also taught Dadhichi the proper methods of worshipping Shiva. Dadhichi did an austere penance and pleased Lord Shiva. Lord Shiva appeared and blessed him with invincibility and also made his bones as hard as Indra's thunderbolt (Vajra).
Dadhichi then went to fight Kshoopa. He kicked Kshoopa on his chest. Kshoopa retaliated by attacking Dadhichi with his Vajra. But this time Dadhichi remained unharmed. Kshoopa was surprised to see his assault going in vain. He decided to take the help of Lord Vishnu and engaged himself in austere penance.
1.2.12 Kshoopa Accepts Defeat
When Lord Vishnu appeared before
Kshoopa, he sought his help in defeating Dadhichi. Lord Vishnu expressed his
inability by saying--- I don't punish a Brahmin, especially if he is a devotee
of Rudra. Dadhichi is both, so forget about defeating him. Anyhow, I will try
me best to make Dadhichi devoid of his power.
Lord Vishnu then went to Dadhichi's hermitage disguised as a Brahmin. Dadhichi recognized him and came to know about his intentions. He requested Lord Vishnu to go ahead with his demand. "I have conquered fear on account of my total devotion in Lord Shiva" said Dadhichi.
Lord Vishnu did not like his arrogant behaviour. He said-"I know you have conquered fear. But, just for once, say that you are fearful of me, as I am Vishnu."
But, Dadhichi refused to obey his commands. This infuriated Lord Vishnu and he tried to kill Dadhichi with his Chakra. Dadhichi remained unharmed and said-How can this Chakra harm me? Lord Shiva has given whose devotee I am it to you whose devotee I am.
Lord Vishnu tried to use his other weapons but failed to cause any harm to Dadhichi. All the deities came to his help but still their efforts of defeating Dadhichi went futile.Lord Vishnu then tried to impress Dadhichi by his divine powers and showed his divine appearance in which the whole world was visible. Dadhichi gave a befitting reply by showing the whole universe including Lord Vishnu within his body. Lord Vishnu was amazed by his divine powers. Ultimately, Lord Brahma persuaded Lord Vishnu to discontinue the fight. Seeing his lord in such a helpless condition, Kshoopa had no other option but to accept defeat. He tried to pacify Dadhichi anger by asking cursed him as well as all the deities by saying--- All of you including the deities and Vishnu will be destroyed in Daksha's yagya as the consequence of Rudra's wrath.
Lord Vishnu then went to Dadhichi's hermitage disguised as a Brahmin. Dadhichi recognized him and came to know about his intentions. He requested Lord Vishnu to go ahead with his demand. "I have conquered fear on account of my total devotion in Lord Shiva" said Dadhichi.
Lord Vishnu did not like his arrogant behaviour. He said-"I know you have conquered fear. But, just for once, say that you are fearful of me, as I am Vishnu."
But, Dadhichi refused to obey his commands. This infuriated Lord Vishnu and he tried to kill Dadhichi with his Chakra. Dadhichi remained unharmed and said-How can this Chakra harm me? Lord Shiva has given whose devotee I am it to you whose devotee I am.
Lord Vishnu tried to use his other weapons but failed to cause any harm to Dadhichi. All the deities came to his help but still their efforts of defeating Dadhichi went futile.Lord Vishnu then tried to impress Dadhichi by his divine powers and showed his divine appearance in which the whole world was visible. Dadhichi gave a befitting reply by showing the whole universe including Lord Vishnu within his body. Lord Vishnu was amazed by his divine powers. Ultimately, Lord Brahma persuaded Lord Vishnu to discontinue the fight. Seeing his lord in such a helpless condition, Kshoopa had no other option but to accept defeat. He tried to pacify Dadhichi anger by asking cursed him as well as all the deities by saying--- All of you including the deities and Vishnu will be destroyed in Daksha's yagya as the consequence of Rudra's wrath.
The place where Dadhichi's hermitage
was situated later on became famously known as Sthaneshwar. It is considered to
be the most sacred place of pilgrimage.
1.2.13 Shilad’s Impossible Demand
Once, Shilad did an austere penance to
please Indra. He was desirous of begetting a son. When Indra appeared he
requested him to bless him with a son who was self-born as well as deathless.
Indra expressed his helplessness in fulfilling impossible demand. Even Lord
Brahma meets his end after the passage of crores of Kalpas"-said Indra.
Shilad tried to convince the validity of his demand by citing the example of
Daksha's son who according to his best of knowledge were self-born as well as
deathless. Indra told him that it was not true. To prove his point Indra
said-"Even Vishnu and Brahma are not self born. Lord Vishnu created Brahma
during Meghavahan Kalpa. Some are of the view that Vishnu and Brahma manifested
from the left and right sides of Shiva respectively. So, your demand is
unsubstantial and without any base."
According to a mythological tale Lord Vishnu manifested from in between the eyebrow of Lord Brahma. At that time Lord Shiva had arrived there to bless both of them.After the departure of Lord Shiva, Vishnu took the incarnation of Varah (Boar) and reestablished the earth in it's original position. Lord Brahma then commenced his creation and in course of time the earth came to be inhabitated by all kind of living creatures.
According to a mythological tale Lord Vishnu manifested from in between the eyebrow of Lord Brahma. At that time Lord Shiva had arrived there to bless both of them.After the departure of Lord Shiva, Vishnu took the incarnation of Varah (Boar) and reestablished the earth in it's original position. Lord Brahma then commenced his creation and in course of time the earth came to be inhabitated by all kind of living creatures.
1.3 Linga Purana Part 3
This section contains 13 sub-sections
(to follow):
1.3.1 The Characteristics of the Four Eras
Shilad requested Indra to shed light on
the special characteristics of each of the four eras.
Indra replied---Lord Brahma created the four eras (yugas)--Satya, Treta, Dwapar and Kali. There eras keep on occuring in a cyclic order where the former is followed by the latter.Saoguna (Pure) prevails during Satyayuga. Rajoguna is the dominant quality prevailing during tretayuga. During Dwapar yuga both Rajoguna and tamoguna are present. Tamoguna (Dark) is the dominant quality prevailing during Kaliyuga. During Satya yuga, meditation was the means by the help of which a man could achieve salvation while oblation, devotion and donation were said to be the means capable of giving salvation during Treta, Dwapar and Kaliyuga respectively.
The inhabitants of Satyayuga were virtuous and free from sorrow. But, the vice of desire started to raise it's head during Treta and people started being troubled by it. Lord Brahma created the warrior caste Kshatriya for the protection of virtuosity.Lord Brahma propogated the rituals of oblation during Tretayuga. Everything was fine till Tretayuga but there was a drastic change in the human behaviour during Dwapar Yuga. All the vices surfaced and people were troubled by them. Some extraordinary lietarary feats were accomplished during dwapar--Sage Vyas categorized the veda into four sections, all the major puranas were compiled and smritis were written.
Kaliyuga saw the devline of virtuosity and religiousness. Ignorance and false knowledge prevailed everywhere during this era.
Indra replied---Lord Brahma created the four eras (yugas)--Satya, Treta, Dwapar and Kali. There eras keep on occuring in a cyclic order where the former is followed by the latter.Saoguna (Pure) prevails during Satyayuga. Rajoguna is the dominant quality prevailing during tretayuga. During Dwapar yuga both Rajoguna and tamoguna are present. Tamoguna (Dark) is the dominant quality prevailing during Kaliyuga. During Satya yuga, meditation was the means by the help of which a man could achieve salvation while oblation, devotion and donation were said to be the means capable of giving salvation during Treta, Dwapar and Kaliyuga respectively.
The inhabitants of Satyayuga were virtuous and free from sorrow. But, the vice of desire started to raise it's head during Treta and people started being troubled by it. Lord Brahma created the warrior caste Kshatriya for the protection of virtuosity.Lord Brahma propogated the rituals of oblation during Tretayuga. Everything was fine till Tretayuga but there was a drastic change in the human behaviour during Dwapar Yuga. All the vices surfaced and people were troubled by them. Some extraordinary lietarary feats were accomplished during dwapar--Sage Vyas categorized the veda into four sections, all the major puranas were compiled and smritis were written.
Kaliyuga saw the devline of virtuosity and religiousness. Ignorance and false knowledge prevailed everywhere during this era.
1.3.2 Kali Yuga
Describing about the decline in moral
values during Kaliyuga, Indra told Shilad-- In Kaliyuga, people will be under
the total influence of the worldly illusions. Ignorance diseases, fear and
hunger will be prevalent everywhere. Famine and drought would occur quite
frequently as the fall out of inadequate rain. Sinners would outnumber the
virtuous people would deviate from the path of religiousness. Brahmins would
lose their superiority and Shudras would become the rulers. Brahmins will not
be respected and will be forced to serve the lowlye people. Majority of women
would be immoral and progenies would not obey the commands of their parents.
Predicting a grim scenario, Indra stressed great importance of religiousness during Kaliyuga and said-- A virtuous deed accomplished in Kaliyuga gives fruits in aday as compared to Treta and Dwapar, which take one year and one month respectively.
Predicting a grim scenario, Indra stressed great importance of religiousness during Kaliyuga and said-- A virtuous deed accomplished in Kaliyuga gives fruits in aday as compared to Treta and Dwapar, which take one year and one month respectively.
1.3.3 Manifestation of Lord Brahma
Once, Lord Brahma did an austere
penance to please Lord Shiva. Shiva manifestated as Ardhnarishwar (Partly male
partly female) from his forehead and said--'I am your son'. But, the unberabale
heat emanating from the effulgence of Ardhanarishwar burnt the whole world
including Lord Brahma.
Lord Shiva then separated the feminine part of his body (Goddess Parmeshwari) and instructed her to begin creation.Both Brahma and Vishnu manifested from the body of goddess Parmeshwari.
Lord Vishnu divided his body into two halves and created the world. Lord Brahma once again did a tremendous penance which lasted for ten thousand years. Once again Shiva manifested from his forehead, but this time as Neelalohit. Lord NeelaLohit became pleased by Brahma's eulogy and blessed him.
Lord Shiva then separated the feminine part of his body (Goddess Parmeshwari) and instructed her to begin creation.Both Brahma and Vishnu manifested from the body of goddess Parmeshwari.
Lord Vishnu divided his body into two halves and created the world. Lord Brahma once again did a tremendous penance which lasted for ten thousand years. Once again Shiva manifested from his forehead, but this time as Neelalohit. Lord NeelaLohit became pleased by Brahma's eulogy and blessed him.
1.3.4 Manifestation of Lord Nandishwar
Shilad did a tremendous penance to
please Lord Shiva. His penance continued for thousands of year. At last, Lord
Shiva appeared before him and said--"I am extremely pleased by you
devotion. I shall bless you with a son who will become famous for his knowledge
and learning." But, Shilad was desirous of a self-born and immortal son.
Lord Shiva said--'Your desire will be fulfilled. Even Lord Brahma had requested
me to take an incarnation. I will take birth as your son and my name will be
Nandi."
In course of time, Shiva manifested from the oblation site. The deities became pleased after seeing Nandi, who possessed three eyes, four arms and a crown on his head.
In course of time, Shiva manifested from the oblation site. The deities became pleased after seeing Nandi, who possessed three eyes, four arms and a crown on his head.
1.3.5 The Nether World
Lord Shiva is the source from where all
the different worlds originate. People in their ignorance are unware of the
fact that the whole universe is nothing but a medium through which Shiva
manifests himself.The various worlds like Maha, Jana, Tapa, Satya etc. and all
the natural e;ements like earth, Sky ocean etc, owe their origin to Shiva.
Underneath the earth lies the netherworlds which are all together seven in
number-- Tala, Vitalo, Sutala etc. The netherworld named Mahatala is the
dwelling place of Lord Muchkand and king Bali.
Sutala is yellow in colour while Vitalo shines brightly like a coral. Atala is
of white colour and Tala has a shade of white.
All these netherworld have the same expanse as the earth. Rasatal is the place where Vasuki resides. Talatal is the dwelling place of mighty demons like Virochan and Hiranyaksha. It is also the place where hell is situated. The netherworld named Sutal is the dwelling place where Tarka, Agnimukh and Prahlada live. Tala is the dwelling place of mighty warriors like Mahakumbh, Hayagreeva etc.
All these netherworld have the same expanse as the earth. Rasatal is the place where Vasuki resides. Talatal is the dwelling place of mighty demons like Virochan and Hiranyaksha. It is also the place where hell is situated. The netherworld named Sutal is the dwelling place where Tarka, Agnimukh and Prahlada live. Tala is the dwelling place of mighty warriors like Mahakumbh, Hayagreeva etc.
1.3.6 The Seven Islands
The earth consists of seven islands,
many rivers, mountains and seven oceans. The Plaksha, Shaalmali, Kush, Kraunch, Shaak and Pushkar. Lord Shiva alongwith
goddess Ambika and his ganas dwell in all these seven islands in one form or
the other.
The name of the seven oceans are Ksharod, Rasod, Surod, Ghatodakshi, Dadhyarnav, Kshirod and Swadood. LOrd SHiva manifests himself in all of them. Lord Shiva dwells in the ocean named Kshirarnav. King Priyavrata was the grandson of Manu, who ruled during Swayambhuva manvantar. He had ten sons-- Agnighra, Agnibahu, Meghatithi, Vasu, Vayushmaan. Jyotishmaan, Dyutimaan, Havya, Savan etc. Priyavrata had made Aghnighra the king of Jambudweepa. Similarly the islands of Plakshadweepa, Shaalmali, Kushadweepa, Kraunchdweepa, Shaalvadweepa and Pushkar were given to Medhatithi, Vayushmaan, Jyotishmaan, Dyutimaan Havya and Savan respectively. Havya had seven sons who became rulers and the different territories they ruled desired their names from them.
The name of the seven oceans are Ksharod, Rasod, Surod, Ghatodakshi, Dadhyarnav, Kshirod and Swadood. LOrd SHiva manifests himself in all of them. Lord Shiva dwells in the ocean named Kshirarnav. King Priyavrata was the grandson of Manu, who ruled during Swayambhuva manvantar. He had ten sons-- Agnighra, Agnibahu, Meghatithi, Vasu, Vayushmaan. Jyotishmaan, Dyutimaan, Havya, Savan etc. Priyavrata had made Aghnighra the king of Jambudweepa. Similarly the islands of Plakshadweepa, Shaalmali, Kushadweepa, Kraunchdweepa, Shaalvadweepa and Pushkar were given to Medhatithi, Vayushmaan, Jyotishmaan, Dyutimaan Havya and Savan respectively. Havya had seven sons who became rulers and the different territories they ruled desired their names from them.
1.3.7 Bharat Varsh
Agnighra--the ruler of Jambudweepa was
a great devotee of Lord Shiva. He had nine sons--Nabhi, Kimpurush, Harivarsha,
Ilavrata, Ramya, Hiranyamaan, Kuru, Bhadrashva and Ketumaal. Agnighra appointed
Nabhi the king of Hemakhya. Similarly, Kimpurush, Harivarsha, Ilavrata, Ramya,
Hiranyaman, Kuru, Bhadrashva and Ketumaal were given the kingdoms of Hemakoot,
Naishadh, Meru, Neelachal, Shwet, Shringavarsh, Maalvan and Gandhamoodan
respectively. After this, Agnighra renounced everything and went to do penance.
Merudevi was Nabhi's wife and the mother of Rishabh. After growing up Rishabh got married and became the father of no less than one hundred sons. Among them Bharat was the eldest. When Bharat grow up, Rishabh appointed him as his successor and after renouncing everything went to the forest.
Bharat went on to become a great king and ruled over the whole territory southwards of Himalaya. Our country derives it's name from him. Bharat had a son named Sumati who succeeded his father as a king.
Merudevi was Nabhi's wife and the mother of Rishabh. After growing up Rishabh got married and became the father of no less than one hundred sons. Among them Bharat was the eldest. When Bharat grow up, Rishabh appointed him as his successor and after renouncing everything went to the forest.
Bharat went on to become a great king and ruled over the whole territory southwards of Himalaya. Our country derives it's name from him. Bharat had a son named Sumati who succeeded his father as a king.
1.3.8 The Meru Mountain
Meru mountain is situated in the heart
of Jambudweepa. The Meru range is spread in the area of 16 thousand yojan. It's
towering peak is 84 thousand in height from the ground level and had even penetrated
the depth of earth to the measurement of 16 thousand yojan. Meru mountain is
considered to be very sacred and is believed to be the dwelling place of the
deities.
Yamraj's abode--Vaivaswatipuri is situated in the souther part of Meru mountain. SOme other holy places like Shuddhavati, Gandhavati and Yashomati are also situated on this mountain where Lord Brahma, Lord Vishnu and Lord Shiva are believed to have their respective abodes.The sun continuously shines over Meru mountain. A river named Jambu flows down this mountain. There is also a tree by the same name which is eternally ladden with fruits. The Meru mountain is surrounded on all its sides by a country Ilavrita. The residents of Ilavrita relish the fruits of Jambu tree.
Yamraj's abode--Vaivaswatipuri is situated in the souther part of Meru mountain. SOme other holy places like Shuddhavati, Gandhavati and Yashomati are also situated on this mountain where Lord Brahma, Lord Vishnu and Lord Shiva are believed to have their respective abodes.The sun continuously shines over Meru mountain. A river named Jambu flows down this mountain. There is also a tree by the same name which is eternally ladden with fruits. The Meru mountain is surrounded on all its sides by a country Ilavrita. The residents of Ilavrita relish the fruits of Jambu tree.
1.3.9 The Prominent Mountains
Describing about the physical
characteristics os all tje seven islands, Sutji says ---
"Seven mountains are situated in Plaksha dweepa-Gobhedak, Chaandra, Narad, Dundubhi, Soyak, Sumana and Vaibhraj. Similarly, the prominent mountain ranges situated in Shaalmali dweepa are Kumud, Uttam, Balahak, Drona, Karkamahish Kumudman etc. Kushadweepa also has seven mountains among which Vidhrabh and Hem are the prominent ones. All these seven islands are surrounded by seven oceans. The mountain named Lokalok is so gigantic in size that half of its part is always covered in darkness.
The omnipresent Lord Shiva pervades the whole universe. Once, being confronted by the effulgence of Lord Shiva, who had disguised himself as a Yaksha, all the deities became devoid of their power. Indra was amazed and asked the Yaksha as to who he was. Lord Shiva disappeared without giving any answer and goddess Ambika appeared before the deities. Indra asked her the same question to which goddess Ambika replied--- He was none other than the almighty Shiva. I being the Prakriti (nature) do creation following his instructions. He is the embodiment of Purush (Supreme almighty).
"Seven mountains are situated in Plaksha dweepa-Gobhedak, Chaandra, Narad, Dundubhi, Soyak, Sumana and Vaibhraj. Similarly, the prominent mountain ranges situated in Shaalmali dweepa are Kumud, Uttam, Balahak, Drona, Karkamahish Kumudman etc. Kushadweepa also has seven mountains among which Vidhrabh and Hem are the prominent ones. All these seven islands are surrounded by seven oceans. The mountain named Lokalok is so gigantic in size that half of its part is always covered in darkness.
The omnipresent Lord Shiva pervades the whole universe. Once, being confronted by the effulgence of Lord Shiva, who had disguised himself as a Yaksha, all the deities became devoid of their power. Indra was amazed and asked the Yaksha as to who he was. Lord Shiva disappeared without giving any answer and goddess Ambika appeared before the deities. Indra asked her the same question to which goddess Ambika replied--- He was none other than the almighty Shiva. I being the Prakriti (nature) do creation following his instructions. He is the embodiment of Purush (Supreme almighty).
1.3.10 The Sun
The movement of Sun is rapid when it is
positioned south of equator (Dakshinayan), on the other hand its movement is
slow when positioned north os equator (Uttarayan).The time is indicated by the
various positions of Sun while it is on its course of movement in the horizon.
While the sun is situated in the South-East direction it is believed to be the
morning time. Similarlt, when the Sun has positioned itself in the south-west,
North-west or South-East direction, it is said to be the 'before-noon',
'after-noon' and Night respectively.
The Sun is believed to be mounted on a chariot while on its course of movement in the Horizon. All the deities, apsaras and gandharvas are believed to follow its movement.The periods of day and night consist of 30 ghadi each. The Sun causes rainfall due to the process of evaporation. Water is the source of life and is the manifestation of Lord Shiva himself.
The Sun is believed to be mounted on a chariot while on its course of movement in the Horizon. All the deities, apsaras and gandharvas are believed to follow its movement.The periods of day and night consist of 30 ghadi each. The Sun causes rainfall due to the process of evaporation. Water is the source of life and is the manifestation of Lord Shiva himself.
1.3.11 Lord Brahma assigns lordships to the Deities
The Sages requested Sutji to describe
how Lord Brahma assigned Lordships to all the deities and the demons.
Sutji replied--- The Sun was made the lord of all the planets. Soma was made the lord of all the constellations and medicinal herbs. Similarly, Vaun was made the Lord of water, while Kuber was assigned the Lordship of wealth. Lord Vishnu attained the Lordship of Aadityas, Pawak of Vasus, Daksha of Prajapatis, Indra of deities, and Prahlad attained the Lordship of all the demons. Some other prominent species and the assigned Lordships are as follows---
Sutji replied--- The Sun was made the lord of all the planets. Soma was made the lord of all the constellations and medicinal herbs. Similarly, Vaun was made the Lord of water, while Kuber was assigned the Lordship of wealth. Lord Vishnu attained the Lordship of Aadityas, Pawak of Vasus, Daksha of Prajapatis, Indra of deities, and Prahlad attained the Lordship of all the demons. Some other prominent species and the assigned Lordships are as follows---
|
SPECIES
|
LORD
|
|
Animals
|
Rudra
|
|
Women
|
Uma
|
|
Rudras
|
Neelalohit
|
|
Obstacles
|
Gajanan
|
|
Power of Speech
|
Saraswati
|
|
Mountains
|
Himalaya
|
|
Rivers
|
Ganga
|
|
Oceans
|
Ksheersagar
|
|
Trees
|
Peepal (Holy Fig)
|
|
Gandharvas
|
Chitrarathi
|
|
Serpents
|
Takshak
|
|
Birds
|
Garuda
|
Prithu was made the lord of Earth and
Lord Shiva the lord of whole universe.
1.3.12 The Chariots of the Sun, Moon and Planets
The chariot of Surya is believed to
have been created by Lord Brahma. It is made up of gold and its wheels have
five spokeseach. The chariot is very huge in size and its expanse covers the
area of nine thousand yojan. It is pulled by seven horses which are of green
complexion. The movement of Sun results into the occurence of day and night.
The moon's chariot consists of three wheela and is pulled by ten white horses.
Each wheel is supported by one hundred spokes.The chariots of Mercury, Mars and
Jupiter are believed to be pulled by eight horses each. The chariot of Saturn
is believed to be pulled by ten black horses.
1.3.13 The Radiance of Surya
The Surya is the source to which all
the living beings owe their existence. All the deities derive their effulgence
from Surya, who in turn derives its own radiance from Lord Mahadev.Time is
determined with the help of Surya's movement. One can not even imagine the
various units of time, like Kshana, muhurta day, night, fortnight, month,
season etc. without the existence of Surya.
The Sun, which illuminates the whole world is nothing but the medium through which the almighty Rudra manifests himself. The Sun sheds thousands of rays among which seven are prominent-Sushumna, Rishikesh, Vishwakarma, Vishwatyacha, Annadh, Sarvavasu and Swarah.
The Sun, which illuminates the whole world is nothing but the medium through which the almighty Rudra manifests himself. The Sun sheds thousands of rays among which seven are prominent-Sushumna, Rishikesh, Vishwakarma, Vishwatyacha, Annadh, Sarvavasu and Swarah.
1.4 Linga Purana Part 4
This section contains 12 sub-sections
(to follow):
1.4.1 Dhruva – The Supreme Devotee
The Sages asked Sutji as to how Dhruva
became successful in attaining immortality and supreme status among all the
stars.
Sutji narrated the following tale---
There lived a king named Uttanpad, who had two queens--Suniti and Suruchi. The eldest queen Suniti had a son named Dhruva. One day while Dhruva was sitting in his father's lap, Suruchi--his step mother, contemptuously pulled him from Uttanpad's lap and made her own son sit in his place. Dhruva went to Suniti and complained about his steps mother's behaviour.
Suniti advised Dhruva that he should seek for the supreme status, which is permanent. Following his mother's advice, Dhruva went to the forest in search of that supreme status. In the forest, he met Sage Vishwamitra who advised him to seek the blessings of Lord Keshav by chanting the sacred mantra 'Om Namo Vasudevay'.
Dhruva did an austere penance for thousands of year. At last, lord Vishnu became pleased and appeared before him mounted on Garuda. Lord Vishnu touched Dhruva's face with his conch as a result of which he attained Self knowledge. Lord Vishnu blessed Dhruva by saying ---
I give you the supreme place, which even the deities and the sages long for.
This way, Dhruva attained a supreme status among all the stars with the blessings of Lord Vishnu.
Sutji narrated the following tale---
There lived a king named Uttanpad, who had two queens--Suniti and Suruchi. The eldest queen Suniti had a son named Dhruva. One day while Dhruva was sitting in his father's lap, Suruchi--his step mother, contemptuously pulled him from Uttanpad's lap and made her own son sit in his place. Dhruva went to Suniti and complained about his steps mother's behaviour.
Suniti advised Dhruva that he should seek for the supreme status, which is permanent. Following his mother's advice, Dhruva went to the forest in search of that supreme status. In the forest, he met Sage Vishwamitra who advised him to seek the blessings of Lord Keshav by chanting the sacred mantra 'Om Namo Vasudevay'.
Dhruva did an austere penance for thousands of year. At last, lord Vishnu became pleased and appeared before him mounted on Garuda. Lord Vishnu touched Dhruva's face with his conch as a result of which he attained Self knowledge. Lord Vishnu blessed Dhruva by saying ---
I give you the supreme place, which even the deities and the sages long for.
This way, Dhruva attained a supreme status among all the stars with the blessings of Lord Vishnu.
1.4.2 The Origin of Deities
On being enquired by the sages about
the origin of deities, demons and other celestial entities, Sutji said-- Daksha
being desirous of enhancing the population, created ten-thousand sons merely by
his wish and instructed them to contribute in the propagation of population.
His objective remained unfulfilled as Narad was successful in preaching them
towards the path of devotion. As a result all of them went to do meditation
after renouncing the world.
Seeing his efforts go in vain, Daksha created ten thousand more sons who were convinced by Narad to the path of renunciation once again.Daksha then begot sixty daughters from his wife named Vairini. When these girls grew up, Daksha married to different sages--ten of them were married to Dharma, thirteen to Kashyap, twenty-seven to Soma, four to Arishtanemi, two to Bhrigu's son, two to Krishashwa and the remaining two were married to Angira.
The named of Dharma's wives were Marutivati, Vasu, Aryama, Lamba, Bhanu, Arundhati, Sankalpa, Muhurta, Sadhya and Vishwabhamini.Vishwabhamini was the mother of Vishvedeva, while Sadhya gave birth to Sadhva. Similarly, Marutvati, Bhanu, Muhurta, Lamba and Sankalpa gave birth to Varutwan, Bhanav, Mahurtik Ghosh and Sankalp respectively. Vasu became the mother of eight Vasus.
Among the twenty seven wives of Kashyap the names of some prominent ones were--Aditi, Diti, Arishta, Surasa, Muni, Surabhi, Vinata, Tamra, Krodha, Vasha, Ila, Kadru, Twishad, Anga etc.Kashyap had two sons from Diti, Hiranyakashipu and Hiranyaksha. Danu gave birth to one hundred sons among whom Viprachit was very prominent. Tamra gave birth to six daughters---Shuki, Sweni, Sugreevi, Gridhika, Bhasi and Shuni.
Seeing his efforts go in vain, Daksha created ten thousand more sons who were convinced by Narad to the path of renunciation once again.Daksha then begot sixty daughters from his wife named Vairini. When these girls grew up, Daksha married to different sages--ten of them were married to Dharma, thirteen to Kashyap, twenty-seven to Soma, four to Arishtanemi, two to Bhrigu's son, two to Krishashwa and the remaining two were married to Angira.
The named of Dharma's wives were Marutivati, Vasu, Aryama, Lamba, Bhanu, Arundhati, Sankalpa, Muhurta, Sadhya and Vishwabhamini.Vishwabhamini was the mother of Vishvedeva, while Sadhya gave birth to Sadhva. Similarly, Marutvati, Bhanu, Muhurta, Lamba and Sankalpa gave birth to Varutwan, Bhanav, Mahurtik Ghosh and Sankalp respectively. Vasu became the mother of eight Vasus.
Among the twenty seven wives of Kashyap the names of some prominent ones were--Aditi, Diti, Arishta, Surasa, Muni, Surabhi, Vinata, Tamra, Krodha, Vasha, Ila, Kadru, Twishad, Anga etc.Kashyap had two sons from Diti, Hiranyakashipu and Hiranyaksha. Danu gave birth to one hundred sons among whom Viprachit was very prominent. Tamra gave birth to six daughters---Shuki, Sweni, Sugreevi, Gridhika, Bhasi and Shuni.
Kashyap did an austere penance and was
blessed with two sons--Vatsar & Asit, Vatsar had two sons--Naibudh and
Raimbh. Asit married Ekparna and had one son from her--Brahmanishth.Vashishth
was married to Arundhati and had one hundred sons from her among whom Shakti
was the eldest. Shakti was married to Adrishyanti and Parashar was his son.
Dwaipayan was the son of Parashar and Shukra was Dwaipayan's son.
1.4.3 Sage Parashar
The Sages asked Sutji how Shakti had
been devoured by a demon named Rudhir.
Sutiji replied--- Once, Sage Vashishth was presiding over a grand Yagya being organized by a king named Kalmashpad. Vashishth had a rivalry with Vishwamitra. On seeing Vashishth busy in that Yagya, Vishwamitra instigated Rudhir-- a demon, to kill his sons. Rudhir followed the instructions and devoured Vashishth's sons including Shakti.
When Vashishth learnt about his sons death his heart was filled with grief. He desired to give up his life but was prevented from doing so by his daughter-in-law. She informed him about her pregnancy and said-- Very soon you will see your grandson. So, quit the idea of giving up your life.Vashishth, though still mournful of his son's death, postponed the idea of giving up his life for the time being. One day while he was engrossed in the thoughts of his departed son, he was amazed to listen the recital of a vedic hymn. He looked all around but found nobody. Suddenly he heard a heavenly voice that revealed by his grandson who was still inside the womb of his mother. In course of time, Arundhati gave birth to a son who was named Parashar. One day young Parashar curiously enquired from his mother as to why she did not put on ornaments like other women of her age do. Arundhati kept quite but when Parashar kept on insisting she revealed to him that it was not proper for a mournful women to adorn herself. She also told him how his father--Shakti had been killed by Rudhir, the demon.
Sutiji replied--- Once, Sage Vashishth was presiding over a grand Yagya being organized by a king named Kalmashpad. Vashishth had a rivalry with Vishwamitra. On seeing Vashishth busy in that Yagya, Vishwamitra instigated Rudhir-- a demon, to kill his sons. Rudhir followed the instructions and devoured Vashishth's sons including Shakti.
When Vashishth learnt about his sons death his heart was filled with grief. He desired to give up his life but was prevented from doing so by his daughter-in-law. She informed him about her pregnancy and said-- Very soon you will see your grandson. So, quit the idea of giving up your life.Vashishth, though still mournful of his son's death, postponed the idea of giving up his life for the time being. One day while he was engrossed in the thoughts of his departed son, he was amazed to listen the recital of a vedic hymn. He looked all around but found nobody. Suddenly he heard a heavenly voice that revealed by his grandson who was still inside the womb of his mother. In course of time, Arundhati gave birth to a son who was named Parashar. One day young Parashar curiously enquired from his mother as to why she did not put on ornaments like other women of her age do. Arundhati kept quite but when Parashar kept on insisting she revealed to him that it was not proper for a mournful women to adorn herself. She also told him how his father--Shakti had been killed by Rudhir, the demon.
Parashar consoled Arundhati by saying
that he would avenge his father's lord Shiva. He then made an earthen
Shivalinga and started worshipping it by chanting the scared mantras of
Shiva-Sukta and trayambak Sukta. Lord Shiva became pleased by his devotion and
blessed him with a divine vision which enabled him to see his dead father.
Parashar then commenced a yagya with the purpose of annihilating the demons.
All the demons started being tormented by the extreme heat generated by that
oblation. Vashishth prevented by that oblation. Vashishth prevented Parashar
from contiuing with that Yagya as many innocent demons had suffered. Parashar
stopped performing the rituals at his father's request.
Sage Pulastya had also been invited in that yagya. He was very pleased by his devotion toward his father and blessed him with the knowledge of all the scriptures. In course of time, Parashar became famous for his treatise--Vishnu Puran.
Sage Pulastya had also been invited in that yagya. He was very pleased by his devotion toward his father and blessed him with the knowledge of all the scriptures. In course of time, Parashar became famous for his treatise--Vishnu Puran.
1.4.4 The Lineage of Aditya
On being enquired by the Sages about
the respective lineage of Aaditya (Sun) and Soma (moon) Sutji replied---
Sage Kashyap had a son--Aaditya, from Aditi. Aadity had four wives--Sangya, Rajyi, Prabha and Chhaya. Sangya gave birth to Manu whereas Ragyi was the mother of Yama, Yamuna and Raivat. Prabha gave birth to Prabhat while chhaya was the mother of three children--Savarni, Shani, Tapti and Vrishti.
Chhaya was extremely affectionate towards her step son-- Yama. One day Yama kicked her in anger as a result of which his leg became inflicted with incurable disease. He became cured of his disease only after doing penance for thousands of years at as place called Gokarna.
Manu had nine sons--- Ikshavaku, Nabhag, Dhrishnu, Sharyati, Narishyant, Naabhaag, Arisht, Karush and Prishaghna. He also had three daughters--Ila, Jyeshtha and Varishtha who coincidentally attained male physique later on in their life.Ila became famous as Sudyumna and had three sons-- Utkal, Gopa and Vinitashva. Harishwa was the descendant of Ikshavaku and had a son named Vasumana. Tridhanva was Vasumana's son. He had attained the designation of 'Ganapatya' by virtue of accomplishing one thousand Ashwamedha Yaga. Tridhanva had a son named Trayyarun and the name of his son was Satyavrata. The same Satyavrata became famous as Trishanku, who was the only person to attain to heaven with his mortal body.
Sage Kashyap had a son--Aaditya, from Aditi. Aadity had four wives--Sangya, Rajyi, Prabha and Chhaya. Sangya gave birth to Manu whereas Ragyi was the mother of Yama, Yamuna and Raivat. Prabha gave birth to Prabhat while chhaya was the mother of three children--Savarni, Shani, Tapti and Vrishti.
Chhaya was extremely affectionate towards her step son-- Yama. One day Yama kicked her in anger as a result of which his leg became inflicted with incurable disease. He became cured of his disease only after doing penance for thousands of years at as place called Gokarna.
Manu had nine sons--- Ikshavaku, Nabhag, Dhrishnu, Sharyati, Narishyant, Naabhaag, Arisht, Karush and Prishaghna. He also had three daughters--Ila, Jyeshtha and Varishtha who coincidentally attained male physique later on in their life.Ila became famous as Sudyumna and had three sons-- Utkal, Gopa and Vinitashva. Harishwa was the descendant of Ikshavaku and had a son named Vasumana. Tridhanva was Vasumana's son. He had attained the designation of 'Ganapatya' by virtue of accomplishing one thousand Ashwamedha Yaga. Tridhanva had a son named Trayyarun and the name of his son was Satyavrata. The same Satyavrata became famous as Trishanku, who was the only person to attain to heaven with his mortal body.
The most truthful king Harish Chandra was
the son if Trishanku. Harish chandra had a son named Rohit. Sagar belonged to
the lineage of Harish chandra. He had two wives-- Prabha had given birth to
sixty thousand sons but Bhanumati had only one son named Asamanjas.Anshuman was
the son on Asamanjas. Anshuman's son was Dilip. Sage Bhagirath was the son of
Dilip.
Some prominent personality who belonged to the lineage of Ikshavaku were Shrut, Naabhaag, Ambarish, Dirghabahu, Dilip (Dirghabahu's son), Raghu, Aja, Dasharath, Ram, Laxman, Bharat, Shatrughna, Lav and Kush. The famous king Pururava also cause from the same lineage. He was a great devotee of Lord Shiva. His son was Nahush. Nahush had six sons among whom Yayati was the eldest. Yayati had two wives--- Devayani and Sharmishtha. Yayati ruled over the whole earth. He had conquered the whole earth with the help of divine weapons and chariot which he had received from his father in law--Shukracharya (Devayani's father).
Yayati had two sons from Devayani-- Yadu and Turvasu. He also had three sons from his second wife--Sharmishtha whose names were Drushya, Anu and Puru.Yayati appointed his youngest son Puru as his successor because of his total devotion towards his parent. Yadu was made the ruler of Southern province.
Some prominent personality who belonged to the lineage of Ikshavaku were Shrut, Naabhaag, Ambarish, Dirghabahu, Dilip (Dirghabahu's son), Raghu, Aja, Dasharath, Ram, Laxman, Bharat, Shatrughna, Lav and Kush. The famous king Pururava also cause from the same lineage. He was a great devotee of Lord Shiva. His son was Nahush. Nahush had six sons among whom Yayati was the eldest. Yayati had two wives--- Devayani and Sharmishtha. Yayati ruled over the whole earth. He had conquered the whole earth with the help of divine weapons and chariot which he had received from his father in law--Shukracharya (Devayani's father).
Yayati had two sons from Devayani-- Yadu and Turvasu. He also had three sons from his second wife--Sharmishtha whose names were Drushya, Anu and Puru.Yayati appointed his youngest son Puru as his successor because of his total devotion towards his parent. Yadu was made the ruler of Southern province.
Om Tat Sat
(Continued)
My humble salutations to
Swamyjis, Philosophic scholars , dharmicscriptures dot org
for the collection)
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